2024-2025 : Enseignante Chercheuse Contractuelle dans l’équipe 3 sur les thématiques de Christine Bobin-Dubigeon.
2022-2024 : ATER dans l’équipe 2 sur les projets FunRégiOx et Mimovax.
2012-2016 : Double-doctorat en Nanomédecine et innovation pharmaceutique obtenu en 2016 (thèse soutenue en décembre 2015) :
Fonctionnalisation de protéines alternatives aux anticorps appliquée à l’imagerie médicale en oncologie
Doctorat en Sciences Biomédicales et Pharmaceutiques (Faculté de Médecine de Liège, Belgique).
Doctorat en Sciences de la Vie et de la Santé parcours Biomolécules, pharmacologie, thérapeutique (Faculté des Sciences et Techniques de Nantes, France).
2011-2012 : Master 2 en Technologies Innovantes en Formulation obtenu en 2012 (Institut Supérieur de la Santé et des Bioproduits d’Angers, Angers)
Master professionnel en Ingénierie de la Santé : Innovation, Recherche et Développement. Mention Bien.
2009 – 2011 : Licence et Maîtrise en Biologie (Faculté des Sciences et Techniques de Nantes)
Recherches en physiopathologies humaines, physiologie animale, prérequis au développement et au contrôle des produits de santé, chimie organique appliquée aux biomolécules, biochimie, biologie cellulaire, immunologie et enzymologie appliquée.
Classes préparatoires aux grandes écoles en Biologie, Chimie, Physique, Sciences de la Terre et sciences vétérinaires. Mention B en première année et Mention A en deuxième année.
@article{Goux2023.04.11.536264,
title = {Sucrose phosphorylase from Alteromonas mediterranea: structural insight into the regioselective α-glucosylation of (+)-catechin},
author = {Marine Goux and Marie Demonceaux and Johann Hendrickx and Claude Solleux and Emilie Lormeau and Folmer Fredslund and David Tezé and Bernard Offmann and Corinne André-Miral},
url = {https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.04.11.536264v2
hal-04095395v2 },
doi = {10.1016/j.biochi.2024.01.004},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-01-09},
urldate = {2024-01-09},
journal = {Biochimie},
publisher = {Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory},
abstract = {Sucrose phosphorylases, through transglycosylation reactions, are interesting enzymes that can transfer regioselectively glucose from sucrose, the donor substrate, onto acceptors like flavonoids to form glycoconjugates and hence modulate their solubility and bioactivity. Here, we report for the first time the structure of sucrose phosphorylase from the marine bacteria Alteromonas mediterranea (AmSP) and its enzymatic properties. Kinetics of sucrose hydrolysis and transglucosylation capacities on (+)-catechin were investigated. Wild-type enzyme (AmSP-WT) displayed high hydrolytic activity on sucrose and was devoid of transglucosylation activity on (+)-catechin. Two variants, AmSP-Q353F and AmSP-P140D catalysed the regiospecific transglucosylation of (+)-catechin: 89 % of a novel compound (+)-catechin-4′-O-α-d-glucopyranoside (CAT-4′) for AmSP-P140D and 92 % of (+)-catechin-3′-O-α-d-glucopyranoside (CAT-3′) for AmSP-Q353F. The compound CAT-4′ was fully characterized by NMR and mass spectrometry. An explanation for this difference in regiospecificity was provided at atomic level by molecular docking simulations: AmSP-P140D was found to preferentially bind (+)-catechin in a mode that favours glucosylation on its hydroxyl group in position 4′ while the binding mode in AmSP-Q353F favoured glucosylation on its hydroxyl group in position 3’.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Sucrose phosphorylases, through transglycosylation reactions, are interesting enzymes that can transfer regioselectively glucose from sucrose, the donor substrate, onto acceptors like flavonoids to form glycoconjugates and hence modulate their solubility and bioactivity. Here, we report for the first time the structure of sucrose phosphorylase from the marine bacteria Alteromonas mediterranea (AmSP) and its enzymatic properties. Kinetics of sucrose hydrolysis and transglucosylation capacities on (+)-catechin were investigated. Wild-type enzyme (AmSP-WT) displayed high hydrolytic activity on sucrose and was devoid of transglucosylation activity on (+)-catechin. Two variants, AmSP-Q353F and AmSP-P140D catalysed the regiospecific transglucosylation of (+)-catechin: 89 % of a novel compound (+)-catechin-4′-O-α-d-glucopyranoside (CAT-4′) for AmSP-P140D and 92 % of (+)-catechin-3′-O-α-d-glucopyranoside (CAT-3′) for AmSP-Q353F. The compound CAT-4′ was fully characterized by NMR and mass spectrometry. An explanation for this difference in regiospecificity was provided at atomic level by molecular docking simulations: AmSP-P140D was found to preferentially bind (+)-catechin in a mode that favours glucosylation on its hydroxyl group in position 4′ while the binding mode in AmSP-Q353F favoured glucosylation on its hydroxyl group in position 3’.
@article{demonceaux2023enzymatic,
title = {Enzymatic synthesis, characterization and molecular docking of a new functionalized polyphenol: Resveratrol-3, 4’-⍺-diglucoside},
author = {Marie Demonceaux and Marine Goux and Lucia Emanueli Schimith and Michele Goulart Dos Santos and Johann Hendrickx and Bernard Offmann and Corinne André-Miral},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211715623001959},
doi = {10.1016/j.rechem.2023.100956},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-05-16},
urldate = {2023-05-16},
journal = {Results in Chemistry},
pages = {100956},
publisher = {Elsevier},
abstract = {Transglucosylation of resveratrol by the Q345F variant of sucrose phosphorylase from Bifidobacterium adolescentis (BaSP) was extensively studied during the last decade. Indeed, Q345F is able to catalyze the synthesis of resveratrol-3-O-⍺-D-glucoside (RES-3) with yield up to 97% using a cost-effective glucosyl donor, sucrose (Kraus et al., Chemical Communications, 53(90), 12182–12184 (2017)). Despite the fact that two further products were detectable in low amounts after glucoside synthesis, they were never identified. Here, we isolated and fully characterized one of those two minor products: resveratrol-3,4′-O-⍺-D-diglucoside (RES-3,4′). This original compound had never been described before. Using bioinformatics models, we successfully explained the formation of this diglucosylated product. Indeed, with RES-3 as acceptor substrate, Q345F is able to transfer a glucosyl moiety in position 4′-OH, what had been reported as impossible in the literature. The low yield observed is due to the steric hindrance into the catalytic site between RES-3 and residues Tyr132 and Tyr344. Nevertheless, the substrate orientation in the active site is favored by stabilizing interactions. Ring A of RES-3 bearing the diol moiety is stabilized by hydrogen bonds with residues Asp50, Arg135, Asn347 and Arg399. Hydroxyl group OH-4′ shares hydrogen bonds with the catalytic residues Asp192 and Glu232. Multiple hydrophobic contacts complete the stabilization of the substrate to favor the glucosylation at position 4′. Understanding of the mechanisms allowing the glucosylation at position 4′ of resveratrol will help the development of enzymatic tools to target and control the enzymatic synthesis of original ⍺-glucosylated polyphenols with high added value and better biodisponibility.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Transglucosylation of resveratrol by the Q345F variant of sucrose phosphorylase from Bifidobacterium adolescentis (BaSP) was extensively studied during the last decade. Indeed, Q345F is able to catalyze the synthesis of resveratrol-3-O-⍺-D-glucoside (RES-3) with yield up to 97% using a cost-effective glucosyl donor, sucrose (Kraus et al., Chemical Communications, 53(90), 12182–12184 (2017)). Despite the fact that two further products were detectable in low amounts after glucoside synthesis, they were never identified. Here, we isolated and fully characterized one of those two minor products: resveratrol-3,4′-O-⍺-D-diglucoside (RES-3,4′). This original compound had never been described before. Using bioinformatics models, we successfully explained the formation of this diglucosylated product. Indeed, with RES-3 as acceptor substrate, Q345F is able to transfer a glucosyl moiety in position 4′-OH, what had been reported as impossible in the literature. The low yield observed is due to the steric hindrance into the catalytic site between RES-3 and residues Tyr132 and Tyr344. Nevertheless, the substrate orientation in the active site is favored by stabilizing interactions. Ring A of RES-3 bearing the diol moiety is stabilized by hydrogen bonds with residues Asp50, Arg135, Asn347 and Arg399. Hydroxyl group OH-4′ shares hydrogen bonds with the catalytic residues Asp192 and Glu232. Multiple hydrophobic contacts complete the stabilization of the substrate to favor the glucosylation at position 4′. Understanding of the mechanisms allowing the glucosylation at position 4′ of resveratrol will help the development of enzymatic tools to target and control the enzymatic synthesis of original ⍺-glucosylated polyphenols with high added value and better biodisponibility.
@article{demonceaux2023regioselective,
title = {Regioselective glucosylation of (+)-catechin using a new variant of sucrose phosphorylase from Bifidobacterium adolescentis},
author = {Marie Demonceaux and Marine Goux and Johann Hendrickx and Claude Solleux and Frédéric Cadet and Émilie Lormeau and Bernard Offmann and Corinne André-Miral},
doi = {10.1039/D3OB00191A},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-02-22},
urldate = {2023-02-22},
journal = {Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry},
volume = {21},
number = {11},
pages = {2307--2311},
publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry},
abstract = {Mutation Q345F in sucrose phosphorylase from Bifidobacterium adolescentis (BaSP) has shown to allow efficient (+)-catechin glucosylation yielding a regioisomeric mixture: (+)-catechin-3′-O-α-D-glucopyranoside, (+)-catechin-5-O-α-D-glucopyranoside and (+)-catechin-3′,5-O-α-D-diglucopyranoside with a ratio of 51 : 25 : 24. Here, we efficiently increased the control of (+)-catechin glucosylation regioselectivity with a new variant Q345F/P134D. The same products were obtained with a ratio of 82 : 9 : 9. Thanks to bioinformatics models, we successfully explained the glucosylation favoured at the OH-3′ position due to the mutation P134D.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Mutation Q345F in sucrose phosphorylase from Bifidobacterium adolescentis (BaSP) has shown to allow efficient (+)-catechin glucosylation yielding a regioisomeric mixture: (+)-catechin-3′-O-α-D-glucopyranoside, (+)-catechin-5-O-α-D-glucopyranoside and (+)-catechin-3′,5-O-α-D-diglucopyranoside with a ratio of 51 : 25 : 24. Here, we efficiently increased the control of (+)-catechin glucosylation regioselectivity with a new variant Q345F/P134D. The same products were obtained with a ratio of 82 : 9 : 9. Thanks to bioinformatics models, we successfully explained the glucosylation favoured at the OH-3′ position due to the mutation P134D.
@article{Goux2016,
title = {In vivo phosphorylation of a peptide tag for protein purification},
author = {Marine Goux and Amina Fateh and Alain Defontaine and Mathieu Cinier and Charles Tellier},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-016-2040-4},
doi = {10.1007/s10529-016-2040-4},
issn = {1573-6776},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Biotechnology Letters},
volume = {38},
number = {5},
pages = {767--772},
abstract = {To design a new system for the in vivo phosphorylation of proteins in Escherichia coli using the co-expression of the α-subunit of casein kinase II (CKIIα) and a target protein, (Nanofitin) fused with a phosphorylatable tag.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
To design a new system for the in vivo phosphorylation of proteins in Escherichia coli using the co-expression of the α-subunit of casein kinase II (CKIIα) and a target protein, (Nanofitin) fused with a phosphorylatable tag.
@phdthesis{goux2015fonctionnalisation,
title = {Fonctionnalisation de protéines alternatives aux anticorps appliquée à límagerie médicale en oncologie},
author = {Marine Goux},
url = {https://www.theses.fr/2015NANT2040},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-12-04},
school = {Université de Nantes},
abstract = {La tomographie par émission de positon (TEP) est une technique d’imagerie médicale permettant le diagnostic et le suivi de patient en oncologie. L’utilisation des anticorps et de leurs fragments pour le ciblage de biomarqueurs en TEP présente de nombreuses difficultés liées notamment à leur clairance lente (taille >100 kDa). Leur marquage, faisant intervenir principalement des réactions peu spécifiques, conduit à un mélange hétérogène de produits et parfois à l’inactivation des protéines. Le développement d’un nouvel outil de suivi in vivo des patients à l’aide de petites protéines alternatives aux anticorps, les Nanofitines (NF), permet de s’affranchir des contraintes liées à la taille (NF ≈ 10 kDa). La mise en place d’une stratégie de marquage originale et site-spécifique d’une NF sans étape de couplage chimique a d’abord été envisagée dans cette étude. L’approche est basée sur la capacité naturelle des phosphates à fixer des cations métalliques. L’insertion génétique d’une étiquette peptidique phosphorylable, in vivo ou in vitro, a permis la chélation d’un lanthanide en solution, le Tb(III), avec une affinité de l’ordre du μM. La seconde génération d’étiquettes peptidiques obtenues par mutagenèse a permis la chélation du Tb(III) avec une affinité d’environ 500 nM à pH7 et 50 nM à pH5,5, et une affinité pour le Ga(III) de l’ordre du μM à pH5,5. Parallèlement, la biodistribution et le ciblage spécifique in vivo d’une NF anti-EGFR radiomarquée à l’aide du 18F-FBEM ont été évalués dans un double modèle tumoral murin. Les images TEP obtenues avec un bon contraste ont permis de valider la preuve de concept quant à l’utilisation des NF en tant qu’outil en imagerie médicale.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {phdthesis}
}
La tomographie par émission de positon (TEP) est une technique d’imagerie médicale permettant le diagnostic et le suivi de patient en oncologie. L’utilisation des anticorps et de leurs fragments pour le ciblage de biomarqueurs en TEP présente de nombreuses difficultés liées notamment à leur clairance lente (taille >100 kDa). Leur marquage, faisant intervenir principalement des réactions peu spécifiques, conduit à un mélange hétérogène de produits et parfois à l’inactivation des protéines. Le développement d’un nouvel outil de suivi in vivo des patients à l’aide de petites protéines alternatives aux anticorps, les Nanofitines (NF), permet de s’affranchir des contraintes liées à la taille (NF ≈ 10 kDa). La mise en place d’une stratégie de marquage originale et site-spécifique d’une NF sans étape de couplage chimique a d’abord été envisagée dans cette étude. L’approche est basée sur la capacité naturelle des phosphates à fixer des cations métalliques. L’insertion génétique d’une étiquette peptidique phosphorylable, in vivo ou in vitro, a permis la chélation d’un lanthanide en solution, le Tb(III), avec une affinité de l’ordre du μM. La seconde génération d’étiquettes peptidiques obtenues par mutagenèse a permis la chélation du Tb(III) avec une affinité d’environ 500 nM à pH7 et 50 nM à pH5,5, et une affinité pour le Ga(III) de l’ordre du μM à pH5,5. Parallèlement, la biodistribution et le ciblage spécifique in vivo d’une NF anti-EGFR radiomarquée à l’aide du 18F-FBEM ont été évalués dans un double modèle tumoral murin. Les images TEP obtenues avec un bon contraste ont permis de valider la preuve de concept quant à l’utilisation des NF en tant qu’outil en imagerie médicale.
@article{doi:10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00374,
title = {Nanofitin as a New Molecular-Imaging Agent for the Diagnosis of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Over-Expressing Tumors},
author = {Marine Goux and Guillaume Becker and Harmony Gorré and Sylvestre Dammicco and Ariane Desselle and Dominique Egrise and Natacha Leroi and François Lallemand and Mohamed Ali Bahri and Gilles Doumont and Alain Plenevaux and Mathieu Cinier and André Luxen},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00374},
doi = {10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00374},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
journal = {Bioconjugate Chemistry},
volume = {28},
number = {9},
pages = {2361-2371},
abstract = {Epidermal growth-factor receptor (EGFR) is involved in cell growth and proliferation and is over-expressed in malignant tissues. Although anti-EGFR-based immunotherapy became a standard of care for patients with EGFR-positive tumors, this strategy of addressing cancer tumors by targeting EGFR with monoclonal antibodies is less-developed for patient diagnostic and monitoring. Indeed, antibodies exhibit a slow blood clearance, which is detrimental for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. New molecular probes are proposed to overcome such limitations for patient monitoring, making use of low-molecular-weight protein scaffolds as alternatives to antibodies, such as Nanofitins with better pharmacokinetic profiles. Anti-EGFR Nanofitin B10 was reformatted by genetic engineering to exhibit a unique cysteine moiety at its C-terminus, which allows the development of a fast and site-specific radiolabeling procedure with 18F–4-fluorobenzamido-N-ethylamino-maleimide (18F–FBEM). The in vivo tumor targeting and imaging profile of the anti-EGFR Cys–B10 Nanofitin was investigated in a double-tumor xenograft model by static small-animal PET at 2 h after tail-vein injection of the radiolabeled Nanofitin 18F–FBEM–Cys–B10. The image showed that the EGFR-positive tumor (A431) is clearly delineated in comparison to the EGFR-negative tumor (H520) with a significant tumor-to-background contrast. 18F–FBEM–Cys–B10 demonstrated a significantly higher retention in A431 tumors than in H520 tumors at 2.5 h post-injection with a A431-to-H520 uptake ratio of 2.53 ± 0.18 and a tumor-to-blood ratio of 4.55 ± 0.63. This study provides the first report of Nanofitin scaffold used as a targeted PET radiotracer for in vivo imaging of EGFR-positive tumor, with the anti-EGFR B10 Nanofitin used as proof-of-concept. The fast generation of specific Nanofitins via a fully in vitro selection process, together with the excellent imaging features of the Nanofitin scaffold, could facilitate the development of valuable PET-based companion diagnostics.},
note = {PMID: 28825794},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Epidermal growth-factor receptor (EGFR) is involved in cell growth and proliferation and is over-expressed in malignant tissues. Although anti-EGFR-based immunotherapy became a standard of care for patients with EGFR-positive tumors, this strategy of addressing cancer tumors by targeting EGFR with monoclonal antibodies is less-developed for patient diagnostic and monitoring. Indeed, antibodies exhibit a slow blood clearance, which is detrimental for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. New molecular probes are proposed to overcome such limitations for patient monitoring, making use of low-molecular-weight protein scaffolds as alternatives to antibodies, such as Nanofitins with better pharmacokinetic profiles. Anti-EGFR Nanofitin B10 was reformatted by genetic engineering to exhibit a unique cysteine moiety at its C-terminus, which allows the development of a fast and site-specific radiolabeling procedure with 18F–4-fluorobenzamido-N-ethylamino-maleimide (18F–FBEM). The in vivo tumor targeting and imaging profile of the anti-EGFR Cys–B10 Nanofitin was investigated in a double-tumor xenograft model by static small-animal PET at 2 h after tail-vein injection of the radiolabeled Nanofitin 18F–FBEM–Cys–B10. The image showed that the EGFR-positive tumor (A431) is clearly delineated in comparison to the EGFR-negative tumor (H520) with a significant tumor-to-background contrast. 18F–FBEM–Cys–B10 demonstrated a significantly higher retention in A431 tumors than in H520 tumors at 2.5 h post-injection with a A431-to-H520 uptake ratio of 2.53 ± 0.18 and a tumor-to-blood ratio of 4.55 ± 0.63. This study provides the first report of Nanofitin scaffold used as a targeted PET radiotracer for in vivo imaging of EGFR-positive tumor, with the anti-EGFR B10 Nanofitin used as proof-of-concept. The fast generation of specific Nanofitins via a fully in vitro selection process, together with the excellent imaging features of the Nanofitin scaffold, could facilitate the development of valuable PET-based companion diagnostics.
@article{DAMMICCO201733,
title = {Regiospecific radiolabelling of Nanofitin on Ni magnetic beads with [18F]FBEM and in vivo PET studies},
author = {Sylvestre Dammicco and Marine Goux and Christian Lemaire and Guillaume Becker and Mohamed Ali Bahri and Alain Plenevaux and Mathieu Cinier and André Luxen},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0969805116303304},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2017.04.006},
issn = {0969-8051},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
journal = {Nuclear Medicine and Biology},
volume = {51},
pages = {33-39},
abstract = {Introduction
Nanofitins are low molecular weight, single chain and cysteine-free protein scaffolds able to selectively bind a defined biological target. They derive from Sac7d bacterial protein family and are highly stable over a wide range of pH (0–13) and temperature (Tm ~80°C). Their extreme stability, low cost of production and high tolerability for chemical coupling make Nanofitins a very interesting alternative to antibodies and their fragments. Here, a hexahistidine tagged model Nanofitin (H4) directed against hen egg white lysozyme was radiolabelled and injected in mice to provide a baseline biodistribution and pharmacokinetic profiles to support future Nanofitin development programs.
Method
A single cysteine residue has been genetically inserted in a model Nanofitin and its regioselective radiolabelling has been performed with 4-[18F]fluorobenzamido-N-ethylamino-maleimide ([18F]FBEM). The synthesis of [18F]FBEM has been completely implemented on a radiosynthesis unit (FastLab) including HPLC purification and formulation. Coupling with the [18F]FBEM has been achieved on a solid support (Ni magnetic beads) allowing rapid purification at room temperature without organic solvent. PET-MRI studies on C57BL/6 mice were conducted after injection of [18F]FBEM-Cys-H4 in order to access the biodistribution of this Nanofitin model.
Results Radiochemical yield (decay corrected) of 54±7% (n=4) was obtained after optimization for coupling the [18F]FBEM to Nanofitin. Pharmacokinetics results of [18F]FBEM-Cys-H4 revealed a fast clearance through the liver and the kidneys.
Conclusion
An efficient new method on Ni magnetic beads was developed to radiolabelled his-tagged biomolecules with [18F]FBEM. This procedure was applied on a Nanofitin model Cys-H4 and biodistribution kinetic studies were achieved to evaluate the potential use of Nanofitin for diagnostic imaging. Fast clearance indicates that Nanofitins represent very interesting tools for diagnostic imaging. Image 1},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Introduction
Nanofitins are low molecular weight, single chain and cysteine-free protein scaffolds able to selectively bind a defined biological target. They derive from Sac7d bacterial protein family and are highly stable over a wide range of pH (0–13) and temperature (Tm ~80°C). Their extreme stability, low cost of production and high tolerability for chemical coupling make Nanofitins a very interesting alternative to antibodies and their fragments. Here, a hexahistidine tagged model Nanofitin (H4) directed against hen egg white lysozyme was radiolabelled and injected in mice to provide a baseline biodistribution and pharmacokinetic profiles to support future Nanofitin development programs.
Method
A single cysteine residue has been genetically inserted in a model Nanofitin and its regioselective radiolabelling has been performed with 4-[18F]fluorobenzamido-N-ethylamino-maleimide ([18F]FBEM). The synthesis of [18F]FBEM has been completely implemented on a radiosynthesis unit (FastLab) including HPLC purification and formulation. Coupling with the [18F]FBEM has been achieved on a solid support (Ni magnetic beads) allowing rapid purification at room temperature without organic solvent. PET-MRI studies on C57BL/6 mice were conducted after injection of [18F]FBEM-Cys-H4 in order to access the biodistribution of this Nanofitin model.
Results Radiochemical yield (decay corrected) of 54±7% (n=4) was obtained after optimization for coupling the [18F]FBEM to Nanofitin. Pharmacokinetics results of [18F]FBEM-Cys-H4 revealed a fast clearance through the liver and the kidneys.
Conclusion
An efficient new method on Ni magnetic beads was developed to radiolabelled his-tagged biomolecules with [18F]FBEM. This procedure was applied on a Nanofitin model Cys-H4 and biodistribution kinetic studies were achieved to evaluate the potential use of Nanofitin for diagnostic imaging. Fast clearance indicates that Nanofitins represent very interesting tools for diagnostic imaging. Image 1
